Archive | August, 2010

Kant’s conception of self as subject and its embodiment

Check out my chum, philosopher extraordinaire, and occasional co-author, Chris Onof’s new piece for the Kant Yearbook.

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New Studies in Social Epistemology

Here is a collection from OUP with a section devoted to SE (how times have changed) with some top-notch names anchored of course by Alvin Goldman.

Special Theme: Social Epistemology Guest Editor: Alvin Goldman

8: Alvin Goldman: Systems-Oriented Social Epistemology

9: Franz Dietrich & Christian List: The Aggregation of Propositional Attitudes: Towards a General Theory

10: Miranda Fricker: Can There Be Institutional Virtues?

11: Melissa Koenig: Selective Trust in Testimony: Children’s Evaluation of the Message, the Speaker and the Speech Act

12: Jennifer Lackey: What Should We Do When We Disagree?

13: Michael Strevens: Reconsidering Authority: Scientific Expertise, Bounded Rationality, and Epistemic Backtracking

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Grayling on neurophilosophy

Here’s a brief view of neurophilosophy from Anthony Grayling in The Philosopher’s Magazine.

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Call for Papers – Stigmergy

Stigmergy – the phenomenon of indirect communication mediated by modifications of the environment – was first conceptualized by zoologist Pierre-Paul Grasse in his ground-breaking work on termite colonies (Grasse 1959). It wasn’t until 1999 that Grasse’s work was brought to a wider audience by Eric Bonabeau et al (1999) in a special issue of Artificial Life. Since then interest in stigmergic systems has blossomed with researchers recognizing the application of Grasse’s insights to stock markets, economies, traffic patterns, supply logistics, computer networks, resource allocation, urban sprawl, and cultural memes. New forms of stigmergy have been exponentially expanded through the affordances of digital technology: Google’s recommendation algorithm, Amazon’s filtering algorithm, wiki, open source software, weblogs, and a whole range of “social media” are now deemed as essentially stigmergic.

Though the concept of stigmergy has typically been associated with ant- or swarm-like “agents” with minimal cognitive ability or with creatures of a somewhat higher cognitive capacity such as fish (schooling patterns) or birds (flocking patterns) or sheep (herding behavior), stigmergy offers a powerful tool to be deployed in the human domain. The editors of this special issue are thus looking for contributions that have human-human (social, organizational, and socio-technical) stigmergy as the main focus.

Proposals are invited from social scientists, social epistemologists, cognitive scientists, economists, group decision theorists, collective intentionality theorists, computational sociologists, network theorists, multi-agent modelers, and indeed researchers from any discipline that has social complexity and coordination as a core topic.

Papers that are theoretical, experimental, or computational in orientation are welcome. Please send proposals of no more than 300 words to lesliemarsh [at] gmail [dot] com with “Stigmergy/Cognitive Systems Research” in the subject line. The deadline for proposals is Nov 1, 2010.

All papers will be subject to double blind review by a least two referees and accepted papers will be published in a special issue of Cognitive Systems Research

Special Issue Editors

Margery Doyle
Senior Cognitive Research Scientist Air Force Research Lab
711 Human Performance Wing
L-3 Communications Link Simulation & Training

Leslie Marsh
Assistant Director
New England Institute of Cognitive Science and Evolutionary Behavior

References

Grasse, P. P. (1959). La reconstruction du nid et les coordinations interindividuelles chez Bellicositermes natalensis et Cubitermes sp. La theorie de la stigmergie: Essai d’interpretation du comportement des termites constructeurs. Insectes Sociaux, 6(1), 41–83.

Bonabeau, E. (Ed.) (1999). Stigmergy. Artificial Life, Vol. 5, No. 2: 95-202

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Swarm intelligence

Here’s an article from The Economist on the practical application of swarm intelligence to human optimization problems.

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“Artificial Intelligence”

I shall disclaim responsibility for this particular choice of terms. The phrase “artificial intelligence,” which led me to it, was coined, I think, right on the Charles River, at MIT. Our own research group at Rand and Carnegie Mellon University have prefered phrases like “complex information processing” and “simulation of cognitive processes.” But then we run into new terminological difficulties, for the dictionary also says that “to simulate” means “to assume or have the mere appearance or form of, without the reality; to imitate; counterfeit; pretend.” At any rate, “artificial intelligence” seems to be here to stay, and it may prove easier to cleanse the phrase than to dispense with it. In time it will become sufficiently idiomatic that it will no longer be the target of cheap rhetoric.

Herbert Simon 1996

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The State of Philosophy

Joshua Knobe, Kwame Anthony Appiah, Tim Maudlin, Timothy Williamson, Brian Leiter, and Ernie Sosa discuss in The New York Times “Philosophy’s New Take on Old Problems: Do experimental methods offer new horizons for philosophy departments, which have come under attack for being impractical?”

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EPISTEME 2010 photos

Here are some photos from EPISTEME ’10 held in Edinburgh this past June.

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Extended Mind – Themed Issue of CSR

The full and sequential lineup of this special issue of CSR is now available as Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages 311-408 (December 2010). Thanks to all – the contributors and the Elsevier type-setting team for making this such a smooth experience.

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Cognition in the Wild

Here’s a report in The New York Times

It was a primitive trip with a sophisticated goal: to understand how heavy use of digital devices and other technology changes how we think and behave, and how a retreat into nature might reverse those effects.

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